Introductions and conclusions to essays are types of summary. Some subjects, such as psychology, will ask students to produce short seminar reports about a particular area of study. For example, ‘Describe the important features of how essay writing skills are taught to new students arriving at universities.’ You will probably do this sort of writing at least once in every essay you write because university essays are usually designed to assess and test your understanding of a particular topic, writer or concept. This type of writing gives a brief account of the important features of something. Summary writing, or, the key features or something For example, you would probably want to compare different ways of teaching essay writing skills and say which worked best. Evaluative writing can involve several of the other types of writing in this section. For example: ‘Evaluate the effectiveness of how essay writing skills are taught to new students arriving at universities.’ However, in contrast to other sorts of judgement – ‘That meal was fantastic’ or ‘ Terminator 3 was rubbish’ – you have to say why and back up your judgement with evidence.
This type of writing makes a judgement about something. Evaluative writing, or, how and why something is important However, you should remember that there may be more than one view or description of a subject and that saying what something is leads inevitably to saying how and why it is i.e. For example, ‘How are essay writing skills taught to new students arriving at universities?’ This seems like a very straightforward type of writing. This type of writing gives a picture of the main characteristics of something. Descriptive writing, or, what something is like This type of writing can involve several of the other types of writing discussed in this section: chronological, descriptive, analytical etc. Or to use an example closer to home: ‘Compare how essay writing skills are taught to new students arriving at universities in the UK and the USA’. ‘Compare the treatment of love and power in two of the Shakespeare plays studied this semester’. This type of writing examines two things and the similarities and differences between them. Compare and contrast writing, or, how two things are similar and dissimilar To cite to an example discussed elsewhere in this resource, you would also use it in a psychology essay that asked you to describe the development of scientific paradigms. An obvious place this is used is in history essays but you would also use it in an English Literature essay if you need to say briefly what happens in Oliver Twist or King Lear. This type of writing relates a sequence of events. Chronological writing, or, what happened and when In a management essay asking you to analyse the relevance of a particular theory to modern organizations, you would need to outline the essential features of the theory and relate them to organizational examples. adjectives, images, rhymes – and saying how they work individually and how they work together to achieve particular effects. You need to say how and why the poem is powerful by looking at its component parts – e.g. In an English Literature essay about Thomas Hardy’s poetry, it isn’t good enough to say ‘The Darkling Thrush’ is a powerful poem. This type of writing makes a detailed examination of something in order to understand its nature and its essential features. Analytical writing, or, what make something what it is Here’s a guide to some of the most common sorts of writing and ways of organizing essay material.
Different varieties of essay will require different types of writing and sometimes a single essay will require more than one type of writing. Others are designed to see how well you understand and can apply key concepts in your subject. Some are designed to find out what you’ve learned at a particular stage of your course. Some essays are designed to find out what you’ve learned about a particular aspect of your course. Different varieties of essay, different kinds of writing There’s more to it than quoting expertsĭifferent essays are designed to do different things.
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